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71.
仿生矿化法制备壳聚糖/纳米CdS复合粒子对猩红B光催化降解研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
用仿生矿化法制备了壳聚糖/纳米CdS复合粒子,并用于可见光光催化降解猩红B染料模拟废水,系统地研究了染料初始浓度、pH值、催化剂投加量、光照情况和催化剂重复使用等因素对猩红B的光解脱色效率的影响。结果表明,当pH=3.0,催化剂投加量为0.7 g/L的条件下,对初始溶液为20 mg/L的猩红B模拟废水,60 min之内脱色率超过96%。酸性媒介比碱性媒介更有利于猩红B染料光解脱色。实验范围内Br-、NO-3和Cl-等无机阴离子,均对降解脱色有促进作用,其中NO3-对脱色作用促进最显著。处理前后的UV-Vis谱图分析表明猩红B在壳聚糖/纳米CdS复合粒子可见光光解处理过程中脱色是因为染料发生氧化光降作用。催化剂重复利用5次后,处理60 min对猩红B的脱色率仍可达到80.7%。 相似文献
72.
73.
Merits of ozonation and catalytic ozonation pre-treatment in the algal treatment of pulp and paper mill effluents 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Balcioğlu IA Tarlan E Kivilcimdan C Saçan MT 《Journal of environmental management》2007,85(4):918-926
Since the performance of algal treatment for pulp mill effluent decreases with increasing color intensity and AOX content, which mainly originate from the chlorine bleaching of Kraft pulp, the separated CEH bleaching effluent was pre-treated by both the conventional and the heterogeneous catalytic ozonation processes. An increase in the BOD(5)/COD ratio from 0.11 to 0.28 and 87% color abatement in terms of Pt-Co were achieved by catalytic ozonation, which had the best treatment performance. Biodegradability enhancement of the CEH effluent correlated well with a decrease in toxicity, high-molecular-weight-compound content, and AOX abatement. By the pre-treatment of the CEH bleaching effluent, the overall efficiencies of algal treatment of the combined pulp mill effluent in terms of the fractional removal of COD and color were increased from 76% and 53% to 86-90% and 96-99%, respectively. Effects of both the conventional and the catalytic ozonation pre-treatments on subsequent biological treatment were close to each other and they reduced the filling period of the Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR) cycle from 8 to 5 days. 相似文献
74.
Sangobtip Pongstabodee Phuwadej Pornaroontham Nuthapol Pintuyothin Nuttapol Pootrakulchote Nutthavich Thouchprasitchai 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2016,28(10):126-137
CO_2 capture performance of bifunctional activated bleaching earth(ABE) was investigated at atmospheric pressure. The sorbents were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction(XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller(BET), Caron-Hydrogen-Nitrogen analysis(CHN), Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR) and thermal gravimetric analysis(TGA). The CO_2 capacity was enhanced via basic-modification and monoethanolamine(MEA) loading of the ABE sorbent to obtain a bifunctional surface property. Here, basic-modified calcined ABE with a 30 wt.%MEA loading(SAB-30) showed the highest CO_2 capture capacity, but this was decreased with excess MEA loading( 30 wt.%). At a 10%(V/V) initial CO_2 concentration feed, the maximum capacity of SAB-30 increased from 2.71 mmol/g at 30℃(without adding moisture to the feed) to 3.3 mmol/g at 50℃ when adding 10%(V/V) moisture to the feed. Increasing the moisture concentration further reduced the maximum CO_2 capacity due to the blocking effect of the excess moisture on the sorbent surface. However, SAB-30 could completely capture CO_2 even in a 100%(V/V) initial CO_2 concentration feed. A maximum CO_2 capacity of5.7 mmol/g for SAB-30 was achieved at 30℃. Varying the ratio of sorbent weight to total flow rate of the gas stream had no discernible effect on the equilibrium CO_2 capture capacity. Avrami's equation and Toth's isotherm model provided a good fitting for the data and suggested the presence of more than one reaction pathway in the CO_2 capture process and the heterogeneous adsorption surface of SAB-30. Thermodynamics studies revealed that CO_2 capture on the bifunctional SAB-30 is feasible, spontaneous and exothermic in nature. 相似文献
75.
76.
以焦炭为载体,Na2SiO3为粘结剂,制备了负载型铁改性纳米TiO2光催化剂,并研究了该催化剂在太阳光照射下降解亚甲基兰染料废水的效果,通过正交和单因素优化试验,探讨了影响染料废水降解效果的主要因素,研究结果表明,影响降解因素的大小次序是:煅烧时间>铁掺杂量>Na2SiO3质量百分比>煅烧温度.本光催化剂制备的最佳制备条件是:以20%的Na2SiO3溶液为粘结剂,掺杂2%的Fe,400℃煅烧温度下煅烧3 h.以太阳光为光源,亚甲基兰染料废水的降解率可达到87.1%. 相似文献
77.
Paasivirta J Kukkola J Knuutinen J Pessala P Schultz E Herve S 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2005,12(6):375-380
Background, Aim and Scope At present, large-scale paper manufacture involves delignification and bleaching by elemental chlorine free (ECF) or totally
chlorine free (TCF) processes. The wastewater is purified by secondary treatment (mechanical, chemical and biological) which
removes most of the toxic substances from the discharge. However, we found residual toxicity in the high molecular (> 1000
D) matter (HMWM) of the discharge by test of the RET (reverse electronic transfer) inhibition.
This fraction consists mainly of polydisperse lignin (LIG) and carbohydrate (CH) macromolecules. Structural units in these
molecules are studied by pyrolysis gas chromatography / mass spectrometry (Pyr-GC/MS). In the present work, our aim was to
find out those structural units which could explain the RET toxicity of LIG or CH molecules. We compared statistically RET
toxicity values of the HMWM samples from treated wastewaters of pilot pulping experiments and intensity variation of the pyrolysis
product gas chromatograms of these samples. This application is a novel study procedure.
Methods Pyrolysis products (Py-GC/MS results) and inhibition of RET (reverse electronic transport toxicity) as TU50 and TU20 of HMWM
(High Molecular Weight Material; Mw > 1000 D) were compared by multivariate statistics. The samples were from laboratory pilot
stages of TCF (Totally Chlorine Free) and ECF (Elemental Chlorine Free) manufacture of softwood pulp. Py-GC/MS was done without
and with addition of TMAH (Tetra Methyl Ammonium Hydroxide). The name and structure of each abundant fragment compound was
identified from its retention time and mass spectrum compared to authentic reference compounds or literature. Four sets of
Toxicity Units (TUs) and GC peak areas of the pyrolysis fragments were obtained. The data were normalized by division with
LIG (lignin content of each sample). TU values were dependent and the fragment values independent (explanatory) variables
in statistical treatments by SPSS system. Separate analyses of correlations, principal components (PCA) and stepwise multiple
linear regression (SMLR) were performed from the four sample sets TCF and ECF with and without TMAH.
Results and Discussion From the CH fragments, 2-furfural in TCF, and from the LIG fragments, styrene in ECF showed the highest probabilities to
originate from source structures of toxicity. Other possible compounds in concern were indicated to be CH fragment 2-methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one
in ECF and LIG fragments 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol, 4,5-dimethoxy-2-methylphenol and 2-methylphenol in TCF. 相似文献
78.
以焦炭为载体,Na2SiO3为粘结剂,制备了负载型铁改性纳米TiO3光催化剂,并研究了该催化剂在太阳光照射下降解亚甲基兰染料废水的效果,通过正交和单因素优化试验,探讨了影响染料废水降解效果的主要因素,研究结果表明,影响降解因素的大小次序是:煅烧时间〉铁掺杂量〉Na2SiO3质量百分比〉煅烧温度。本光催化剂制备的最佳制备条件是:以20%的Na2SiO3溶液为粘结剂,掺杂2%的Fe,400℃煅烧温度下煅烧3h。以太阳光为光源,亚甲基兰染料废水的降解率可达到87.1%。 相似文献
79.
γ-FeOOH-草酸系统中橙黄I的光化学脱色 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以8 W黑光灯为光源,γ-FeOOH为催化剂,加入草酸构成光化学Fenton体系,研究了这一体系中橙黄Ⅰ的光化学脱色动力学;考察了橙黄Ⅰ的初始浓度、初始pH值和草酸初始浓度对橙黄Ⅰ光化学脱色降解的影响.结果表明,草酸能显著促进橙黄Ⅰ的脱色与降解,橙黄Ⅰ光化学脱色一级动力学常数随草酸浓度的增大呈先升后降的趋势,最佳草酸初始浓度为1.8 mmol·L-1;溶液pH值的变化也显著影响橙黄Ⅰ的脱色.光化学反应过程中Fe2+和总Fe的浓度也随草酸浓度与反应时间的变化而变化. 相似文献
80.